Data lineage shows the upstream and downstream dependencies of an asset. For a more granular view of these dependencies, you can view column-level lineage.
For example, instead of stating that the upstream table STG CUSTOMERS is dependent on the downstream table RAW CUSTOMERS, you can point to the specific column that has an impact on the downstream asset.
Knowing the impact on the downstream asset is essential for impact analysis. However, in order to make more granular decisions, users must understand how the impact occurs. Column-level lineage reveals exactly what is impacted and how.
To learn more about data lineage, read this guide.